Let history
1924-The first privatization of telephone service
The National Telephone Company of Spain (CTNE) was founded as a corporation on April 19, 1924, its capital amounted to one million pesetas, divided into 2000 shares control of which bore the American company ITT.
Four months later Alfonso XII authorizes the government to contract with the Telephone Company organization, reform and expansion of national telephone service. As a result phlegm is the first contract between the state and CTNE, under which it ceded to the new company, all facilities and lines that operated directly, ie the first privatization occurs.
Shortly after its founding, the Telephone Company had made all concessions except two: Guipúzcoa, which does not expire until 1950 and the city of San Sebastian, unlimited lease, thus giving rise to the monopoly of a public service at the hands a private company. First
after the expropriation during the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera and then with the arrival of the Republic questioned the legality of the contract signed by the previous government y se solicitaba su anulación. Era demasiado escandaloso que una empresa, a los 4 meses de su creación, se hiciera con el control absoluto de las telecomunicaciones en España, tras ceder el estado todas las líneas e instalaciones de su propiedad. En diciembre 1932, Manuel Azaña valida definitivamente el contrato, dejando en manos de una multinacional americana (ITT) el control de las comunicaciones estatales.
1945- De empresa privada a empresa pública
En 1945, la dictadura franquista decidió que las acciones de la CTNE, propiedad dela International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation pasaran a ser propiedad del estado, pasando así el estado a controlar el 79,6% del total de acciones. Este hecho tuvo consecuencias favorable to workers, setting a new pay system and increasing wage workforce to reach 14,723 employees in 1950. Certainly the state
bought the shares before the need for large investments to expand the telephone network, as demand for new lines was much higher than the ability to install them. Again, the state pays a private company to invest large funds.
CTNE In 1965 was the first company in Spain, capital of 20,000 million and 32,000 employees on its payroll. The expansion was continuous and increasingly rapid.
1995 - Liberalization of the sector and segregation of the company
In January 1988, issued the Law on Telecommunications (LOT) which regulated the new framework of actions, thus beginning a new period of great change in the company and especially for customers and employees. Gradually
was developing a plan to eliminate thousands of permanent jobs with decent working conditions, the result of years of struggle for workers of the company. The growth of precarious labor market, young people and skilled labor, were no longer necessary to have its own template which must be trained for months so they could develop their own job properly. Now it was possible to have trained staff and graduates especializaos for work, but with very low economic conditions, plus any contract.
labor's future expected to generate more prepared people in history was forged and Telefónica managers were unwilling to stay out of such employment prey.
The first thing you needed was company free of charge, until then the staff of Telefónica Telefónica had its own Provident Institution (ITP), being outside itself Social Security . It was the company responsible for paying the retirement of workers or to cover their losses and also working in conditions far superior to the provisions of Social Security. The retirement was at 60 years and 100% of benefits, compared with 65 years of Social Security.
On several occasions the company sought to eliminate the ITP, provided in collaboration with UGT and CCOO. At that time, these unions were faced to reach their heights of power and UGT who was first submitted to the staff of the company for a referendum to dissolve the ITP, the rejection was resounding. But little later CCOO made yet another referendum failed in their claims.
1996-1999: liberalized market, workers removed.
This period starts the final phase of what was the telephone company with nearly 80,000 workers. Was not enough to outsource the entire new work could not be covered with existing staff and not conformed with past activity segregates to group companies. Savage capitalism in recent years began to prevail, would have the greatest benefit and for that, given the inability of managers were able to destroy only work conditioning.
departures from the Collective Agreement 97-98, signed by the union members and shareholders together with Telefónica starts the process of downsizing. Low plan "volunteer" paid in full by the company started with the first job cuts.
With the arrival of the PP government increase and accelerate the capitalist measures. In 1997 the government made the wrong decision to sell the block of shares owned and the state still amounted to 20.9% of the capital. A year later the government decided that the second mobile operator is built around the public companies Retevisión. Finally, 70% was awarded to a consortium led by Endesa and Telecom. Italian state holding 30% of Retevisión. The paradox that the second resulting operator is "more public" Telefónica is now fully privatized.
1999-2001: First government-approved ERE
To continue the process of job destruction, the Government points to the chairman of Telefonica stock speculator Juan Villalonga, a personal friend of President Aznar. This began a period of speculative bubble creating fictitious companies like Terra, investing large amounts of money in Latin American countries, acquiring new licenses to exorbitant costs and buying radio and TV (wave 0 and Antena 3 among others) who have served faithfully mind the interests of the current government.
With this background and only a few months later to discard the state of the company, Telefónica, UGT and CCOO have signed the first Record of Employment Regulation (ERE), whose funding was provided by the state budget. More than 12,000 people will be affected again by some measures "volunteers" who as it happened in the lower plan of 1997 there were no volunteers and the pressures and threats came to be picked up by some media.
Along the way, outsourcing is increasing every day and telephone companies in the group, especially those who have more precarious working conditions, such as Atento telemarketin, spend 5 years in only 300 workers to 8,000, with a percentage the possibility of 98% and pay a third of that received by the staff of Telefonica in the same activity. Each employee taking early retirement in Telefónica is replaced by a temporary contract at a subcontractor or company's own Telefónica Group, which consists of more than 100 companies.
2003-2005: Final phase or step?
Last June, is authorized by the Government's largest Redundancy Employment (ERE) of history in a private company, which entail the destruction of 15,000 permanent jobs, has been presented by Telefónica and approved by the government without any obstacle or impediment.
A company that once had only 12 years ago una plantilla de casi 80.000 trabajadores, todos fijos y regulados por un convenio de empresa especifico que garantiza unas condiciones mínimas se quedará en 2005 con tan sólo 25.000 empleados.
El proceso histórico de la Compañía Telefónica, ejemplo de lo ocurrido con otras muchas empresas, evidencia como los estados se convierten en meras marionetas del las multinacionales y el gran capital. Invirtiendo cuando no es rentable para ellos y privatizando la empresa cuando se producen beneficios.
Da igual que se incumpla los requisitos por el Estatuto de los Trabajadores para proceder a un Expediente de Regulación de Empleo, no importa que el estado malvendiera una empresa que tenia grandiosos ingreso y ahora, no solo no perciba such dividend income, but also subsidizes the destruction of jobs with the money of all taxpayers.
The judges , media and general administration in turn with UGT-CCOO, Telefonica and Government complicit in a social model based on the exploitation of labor, outsourcing and regularization des of all employment rights acquired after years of struggles and mobilizations.
This period starts the final phase of what was the telephone company with nearly 80,000 workers. Was not enough to outsource the entire new work could not be covered with existing staff and not conformed with past activity segregates to group companies. Savage capitalism in recent years began to prevail, would have the greatest benefit and for that, given the inability of managers were able to destroy only work conditioning.
departures from the Collective Agreement 97-98, signed by the union members and shareholders together with Telefónica starts the process of downsizing. Low plan "volunteer" paid in full by the company started with the first job cuts.
With the arrival of the PP government increase and accelerate the capitalist measures. In 1997 the government made the wrong decision to sell the block of shares owned and the state still amounted to 20.9% of the capital. A year later the government decided that the second mobile operator is built around the public companies Retevisión. Finally, 70% was awarded to a consortium led by Endesa and Telecom. Italian state holding 30% of Retevisión. The paradox that the second resulting operator is "more public" Telefónica is now fully privatized.
1999-2001: First government-approved ERE
To continue the process of job destruction, the Government points to the chairman of Telefonica stock speculator Juan Villalonga, a personal friend of President Aznar. This began a period of speculative bubble creating fictitious companies like Terra, investing large amounts of money in Latin American countries, acquiring new licenses to exorbitant costs and buying radio and TV (wave 0 and Antena 3 among others) who have served faithfully mind the interests of the current government.
With this background and only a few months later to discard the state of the company, Telefónica, UGT and CCOO have signed the first Record of Employment Regulation (ERE), whose funding was provided by the state budget. More than 12,000 people will be affected again by some measures "volunteers" who as it happened in the lower plan of 1997 there were no volunteers and the pressures and threats came to be picked up by some media.
Along the way, outsourcing is increasing every day and telephone companies in the group, especially those who have more precarious working conditions, such as Atento telemarketin, spend 5 years in only 300 workers to 8,000, with a percentage the possibility of 98% and pay a third of that received by the staff of Telefonica in the same activity. Each employee taking early retirement in Telefónica is replaced by a temporary contract at a subcontractor or company's own Telefónica Group, which consists of more than 100 companies.
2003-2005: Final phase or step?
Last June, is authorized by the Government's largest Redundancy Employment (ERE) of history in a private company, which entail the destruction of 15,000 permanent jobs, has been presented by Telefónica and approved by the government without any obstacle or impediment.
A company that once had only 12 years ago una plantilla de casi 80.000 trabajadores, todos fijos y regulados por un convenio de empresa especifico que garantiza unas condiciones mínimas se quedará en 2005 con tan sólo 25.000 empleados.
El proceso histórico de la Compañía Telefónica, ejemplo de lo ocurrido con otras muchas empresas, evidencia como los estados se convierten en meras marionetas del las multinacionales y el gran capital. Invirtiendo cuando no es rentable para ellos y privatizando la empresa cuando se producen beneficios.
Da igual que se incumpla los requisitos por el Estatuto de los Trabajadores para proceder a un Expediente de Regulación de Empleo, no importa que el estado malvendiera una empresa que tenia grandiosos ingreso y ahora, no solo no perciba such dividend income, but also subsidizes the destruction of jobs with the money of all taxpayers.
The judges , media and general administration in turn with UGT-CCOO, Telefonica and Government complicit in a social model based on the exploitation of labor, outsourcing and regularization des of all employment rights acquired after years of struggles and mobilizations.
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